Air distribution baffling about the fuel nozzle of combustion chambers



E. A. WATSON ETAL AIR DISTRIBUTION BAFFLING ABOUT THE FUEL NOZZLE OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS Filed Jan. 16, 1945 Feb. 19, 1952 Patented Feb. 19, 1952 AIR DISTRIBUTION BAFFLING ABOUT THE FUEL NOZZLE OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS Ernest Ansley Watson, Coventry, and John Stanley Clarke, Burnley, England, assignors to Joseph Lucas Limited, Birmingham, England Application January 16. 1945, Serial No. 573,113

In Great Britain September 29, 1943 This invention has for its object to provide improved liquid fuel combustion apparatus required to produce propellant gases for use as or in conjunction with prime movers.

1 Claim. (01. (SO-39.65)

2 be supplied to the annular space at the end adjacent to the entrance to the combustion chamber 12 in which case the other end of the said space is closed.

In the accompanying sheet of explanatory 5 For igniting the mixture of sprayed liquid fuel drawing: and air in the combustion chamber b any con- Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of liquid venient and ordinary electrical means is emfuel combustion apparatus constructed in accordployed. ance with the invention. By this invention we are able to eifect com- Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. l0 bustion of liquid fuel over a wide range of varia- In carrying the invention into efiect as shown tion of the fuel-air ratio in a very simple and there is employed an outer cylindrical casing a, satisfactory manner. and within this is arranged a cylindrical combus- Having thus des ribed our inve tion what w tion chamber 11 the latter being separated from do claim as new and desire to secure by Letters the casing by an annular air space 0 to one end 15 Patent is: of which air can be supplied from a blower or A liquid fuel combustion apparatus compris other source. At one end (herein termed the ening in combination an outer casing, a combus trance end) of the combustion chamber b and tion chamber formed by a hollow body arranged coaxially therewith is mounted a nozzle d wherewithin the casing and separated therefrom by an by liquid fuel from a pump or other source can air space, a liquid fuel nozzle situated at one be delivered in the form of a spray into the said end of the combustion chamber, stationary guide end of the combustion chamber. Surrounding vanes arranged around the nozzle to impart ro the delivery end of the nozzle 01 is an imperforate tary motion to air entering the combustion chamscreen e of truncated conical or bell shape havber past the vanes, an imperforate screen suring its larger end facing the combustion cham- 26 rounding the region immediately adjacent to the ber b The screen e serves to form a region of delivery end of the nozzle, and a partition formed relatively quiescent or non-turbulent air in the by an extension of the screen and surrounding immediate neighbourhood of the delivery end of a region in the combustion chamber adjoining the nozzle d Air from the annular space c may that surrounded by the screen, the said partition be supplied to the said region past stationary 80 being shaped, arranged, and formed with perguide vanes f in a cylindrical extension g of the forations, to serve the double purpose of admitsmaller end of the screen e these guide vanes ting a restricted Supp y of air o the Combustion being adapted to impart a uniform rotary mochamber and delivering the said restricted supply tion to the m of air in the form of convergent streams to the The larger end of the screen 1 is extended t portion of the combustion chamber immediately form a perforated partition 7' of truncated coniin from of the screencal, hemispherical or other convenient form. ERNEST ANSLEY AT N, This partition 9' is adapted to serve the double JOHN ANL Y CLARKE purpose of admitting a restricted supply of air from the annular space 0 to the combustion REFERENCES CITED chamber 17 and of delivering this supply of air to the region e and the portion of the combusw ii l are of record in the tion chamber b immediately in front of the e p screen e in the form of convergent streams which UNITED STATES PATENTS by their impact on each other produce a condi- Number Name Date tion of energetic and disordered turbulence in the 799,356 Lemale Sep 1905 region of the combustion chamber ahead of that 1 302 950 Muckle y 6, 1919 surrounded by the screen. The screen e and 1,636,616 Scheuerman July 19, 192 partition 7' are enclosed by an annular dome- 2,081,710 McDonald y 25, 1937 shaped cover 5 having near the cylindrical ex- 125,022 Haynes J y 1933 tension g on the screen, large perforations t1 2,446,059 Peterson et a1 July 2'7, 1948 through which air from the annular space 0 c 2,458,066 Farkas et a1 Jan. 4, 1949 d t 2,500,925 Bonvillian et a1 Mar. 21, 1950 e ad i iona air required in the combustion chamber 19 is supplied from the annular space 0 FOREIGN PATENTS at appropriate positions through perforations as Number Country Date m in the combustion chamber. 539,069 Great Britain Aug. 27, 1941 The air from the blower or other source may 219,485 Switzerland May 16, 1942 

